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barrage balloon
A barrage balloon, sometimes called a "blimp",〔Wragg, D.; ''Historical Dictionary of Aviation'', History Press (2008), Page 27: "During the Second World War, the main combatants used barrage balloons, or blimps..."〕 is a large balloon tethered with metal cables, used to defend against aircraft attack by damaging the aircraft on collision with the cables, or at least making the attacker's approach more difficult. Commonly the designs were kite balloons, having a shape and cable bridling which stabilise the balloon in windy conditions, allowing operation in higher winds than a spherical balloon. Some examples carried small explosive charges that would be pulled up against the aircraft to ensure its destruction. Barrage balloons are not practical against very high-flying aircraft, due to the weight of a very long cable.
==First World War==
France, Germany, Italy and the United Kingdom used barrage balloons in the First World War. Sometimes, especially around London, several balloons were used to lift a length of "barrage net", in which a steel cable was strung between the balloons and many more cables hung from it. These nets could be raised to an altitude comparable to the operational ceiling of the bombers of the day. By 1918 the barrage defences around London stretched for 50 miles, and captured German pilots expressed great fear of them.〔Ege, L. "Balloons and Airships", Blandford (1973).〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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